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Clinical Question:
Does metformin improved vascular endothelial reactivity in first-degree relatives with
metabolic syndrome of type 2 diabetic patients?

Bottom Line:
Metformin improved vascular endothelial reactivity in first-degree relatives with metabolic
syndrome of type 2 diabetic patients, independently of its known antihyperglycemic effects.

Reference:
Metformin improves endothelial vascular reactivity in first-degree relatives of type 2
diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome and normal glucose tolerance.de Aguiar LG, Bahia
LR, Villela N, Laflor C, Sicuro F, Wiernsperger N, Bottino D, Bouskela E Diabetes Care.
2006 May;29(5):1083-9

Study Design:
Randomized Controlled Trial (Double Blind)

Synopsis:
Endothelial dysfunction is an early marker of atherosclerosis seen in type 2 diabetic subjects. Metformin is commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and has known vasculoprotective effects beyond its hypoglycemic ones. The authors investigate the vascular effects of metformin in first-degree relatives with metabolic syndrome of type 2 diabetic patients. The study included 31 subjects (age 38.3 +/- 7.6 years and BMI 36.3 +/- 5.2 kg/m2), who were first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients and who had metabolic syndrome and normal glucose tolerance. The subjects were randomly assigned 1:1 in a double-blind fashion to receive placebo (n = 15) or metformin (n = 16). Endothelial function was assessed by venous occlusion plethysmography, measuring forearm blood flow (FBF) and vascular resistance responses to three intra-arterial infusions of endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine 7.5, 15, and 30 microg/min) and independent (sodium nitroprusside 2, 4, and 8 microg/min) vasodilators. Weight, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist, and laboratory parameters (lipid profile and fasting plasma glucose [FPG]) were assessed at baseline and after treatment. The metformin and placebo groups did not differ in
anthropometric, clinical, laboratory, and vascular measurements at baseline. The metformin group had decreased weight, BMI, systolic blood pressure, and FPG and improved lipid profile. Endothelium-dependent FBF responses were also improved, without any effect on
endothelium-independent responses. There was no correlation between the improvement on FBF responses and the observed changes on anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory parameters.

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